Network+: Routing Protocols

  1. Network+ Certification
  2. Network+ : Introductions and Resources
  3. Network+ : Network Models
  4. Network+: Cabling
  5. Network+ : Topologies
  6. Network+ : Ethernet Basics
  7. Network+ : Contemporary Ethernet
  8. Network+ : Installing a Physical Network
  9. Network+ : Booting and Getting On the Network
  10. Network+ : TCP/IP Basics
  11. Network+ : Subnetting
  12. Network+: Routing Protocols
  13. Network+ : Routing and Firewalls
  14. Network+ : TCP/IP Ports and Applications
  15. Network+ : Network Naming and Sharing Resources
  16. Network+ : Secure Networking
  17. Network+ : Advanced Networking Devices
  18. Network+ : IPv6
  19. Network+ : Remote Connectivity
  20. Network+ : WiFi
  21. Network+ : Virtualization
  22. Network+ : Mobile Networking
  23. Network+ : Building a Real-World Network
  24. Network+ : Managing Risk
  25. Network+ : Protecting Your Network
  26. Network+ : Network Monitoring
  27. Network+ : Network Troubleshooting
  28. Network+: Network Monitoring

Unit 12

Chapter 7

Rising Above Layer 2: Static and Dynamic Routing

Routing Tables

Windows

route print
#or
netstat -rn

Linux

ip route
#or
netstat -r
#or
route -n

TTL : Time to Live (IPv4)

Hop Limit (IPv6)

Default route (gateway)

Connecting Private Networks to Public Networks: NAT

NAT (network address translation) is a common function of the router at the edge of your LAN.

NAT
NAT

Routing Protocols

Static routing protocols use hand-entered routes.

Dynamic routing protocol routers update each other automatically.

How fast can routers achieve convergence?

Internal Protocols

Distance-Vector Routers

How many hops between two hosts? Choose the lowest “cost”.

RIP (v1)

        • Max hop count of 15
        • Routing table updates every 30 seconds, and the WHOLE TABLE
        • No VLSM (CIDR)
        • No authentication

RIP v2

        • Yes VLSM
        • Authentication added

RIPng

        • For IPv6

EIGRP (Cisco proprietary)

        • Incremental updates

Link-State Routers

Which routes use the fastest links? Which routes are currently up? Choose the fastest.

OSPF

        • Noisy boot HELO packets
        • Then LSAs to converge
        • Metric is COST not HOPS
        • Authentication
        • Prevents loops
        • Detect and corrects link errors/failurs
        • Converges immediately
        • v3 supports IPv6
        • Area 0 is the backbone (or only) layer, to divide routers into smaller areas for fast convergence and small routing tables

IS-IS

        • IPv6 Native from its creation
        • ISP standard router
        • Multi-pathing!!!!!

Exterior Protocols

BGP

Coming Over the Horizon

MTCP : Multipath TCP

“Exotic” or Large-Scale Network Protocols

FDDI and CDDI

ATM

Frame Relay

MPLShttps://duckduckgo.com/?q=mpls&t=ffab&iax=images&ia=images

Metro Ethernet