Chapter 10 Continued: Denial of Service
What It Looks Like
Digital Attack Map:
https://digitalattackmap.com/#anim=1&color=0&country=ALL&list=0&time=18400&view=map
The VLS DDoS Attack, visualized with ApachePong / Logstalgia:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNjdBSoIa8k
https://logstalgia.io
Low Orbit Ion Cannon: a classic DDoS tool:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Orbit_Ion_Cannon
DoS Attack Types
- Fragmentation
- Volumetric
- Application
- TCP state-exhaustion
Example DoS Attacks
- SYN attack
- SYN flood
- ICMP flood
- Smurfing
- Ping of Death
- Teardrop
- LAND attack
- Peer to Peer
- Permanent
DDoS Tools
- Trinity
- Tribe Flood Network
- RUDY
- Slowloris
Types of Attacks
Service request flood
Simply make millions of page requests, for instance. See the effects:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNjdBSoIa8k
SYN attack/flood:
hping3 -i u1 -S -p 80 <target ip>
S = SYN flag, -p 80 = port 80, -i u1 = interval, 1 microsecond
ICMP floods
These include Smurfing, ICMP flooding and ping flooding.
A simple ICMP flood:
hping3 -1 --flood -a <target ip> <broadcast ip>
Ping of Death (note that this no longer works)
From a Windows machine:
ping -l 65500 <target ip> -w 1 -n 1
Teardrop attack
This involves fragmenting a packet but mis-matching the numbers where the segments should meet (the fragment offset).
Amplification attacks, which include:
Smurf attack
hping3 --icmp --spoof <target ip> <broadcast ip>
Fraggle attack
hping3 --udp --spoof <target ip> <broadcast ip>
LAND attack (Local Area Network Denial)
(no modern network is susceptible to this attack)
hping3 -V -c 1000000 -d 120 -S -w 64 -p 445 -s 445 --flood --rand-source <target ip>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAND
Permanent DoS attacks
Phlashing is flashing malicious code to BIOS or any other firmware location. For most people, this is irrecoverable.
Application-level attacks
Flooding the network
Disrupting services, for instance the login service by making lots of failed attempts so that users get locked out
Jamming the network, usually by crafting SQL that locks or corrupts a database